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Epistemology

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The Beliefs and Logic of Descartes and Plato
Like Bertrand Russell, Plato and Rene Descartes believed that people's perceptions of the world were flawed, because people cannot rely upon their own senses.
Epistemology – The True Nature of Knowledge
What does it really mean to know something? Knowledge comes from books and the world, but what's really true and what's only perception can vary from person to person.
What is Skepticism?
Skeptics see evidence and plausibility as the best way to assure that ideas are reality-based, allowing one to come as close as possible to objective truth.
Berkeley's Conceivability Argument
Berkeley's Conceivability Argument is very important because, by accepting it, you essentially agree that there is no external objective reality that we can conceive of.
Berkeley's Argument from Relativity
Berkeley's Relativity Argument successfully shows that Locke's primary/secondary quality distinction was flawed. It does not, however, deal Locke's theory a fatal blow.
Locke's Primary & Secondary Quality Distinction
Locke theorised a distinction between the primary and secondary properties of objects which, with some adapting, can still survive its criticisms today.
On How to Justify One's Beliefs
One of the central debates in 20th Century epistemology concerns the concept of justification. This article gives a brief overview over some major theories in the field.
Human Wisdom
This article discusses Socrates's idea of wisdom in the light of recent findings in empirical psychology.